Mu myaka yashize, disikuru y'ibikoresho birambye yungutse umuvuduko utitayeho, ugereranije no kumenya ingaruka ziterwa n'ibidukikije bifitanye isano na plastique isanzwe. Ibikoresho bya Biodegradenga byagaragaye nk'ikirere cy'amizero, bituma Ethoh yubukungu bwuzuyemo hamwe nibikoresho bishinzwe imikoreshereze yibyiciro byibyiciro bitandukanye, buriwese agira uruhare rudasanzwe kugirango igabanye ingaruka zibidukikije.
1.pha
PolyhydroxaslkAlsals (PHA) ni Biodegrameble Polymed Polymes yandika na mikorobe, mubisanzwe bagiteri, mubihe byihariye. Igizwe na acide ya Hydroxkanoic, PHA niboneye kuri biodedadable, igakoreshwa ahantu h'isukari, hamwe nibintu bitandukanye bifatika. Hamwe nibisabwa kuva mubipfunyika mubikoresho byubuvuzi, PHA yerekana ubundi buryo bwo gusezerana kwinshi kuri plasic isanzwe, nubwo ihura nibibazo bikomeje mubikorwa byigihe gito hamwe numusaruro munini.
2.Pla
Polylactic acide (pla) ni biodegrafiya na bioaclastive thermostique ikomoka kubikoresho bishobora kongerwa nkikinyago cyangwa isukari. Bizwiho mu mucyo na kamere ya Crystalline, iki cyerekana imitungo ishimishwa. Byakoreshejwe cyane muri porogaramu zitandukanye, harimo gupakira, imyambarire, n'ibikoresho bitangaje, Pla yizihizwa kubijyanye n'ubushobozi bwayo n'ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ingaruka z'ibidukikije. Nkibindi birambye kuri plastiki gakondo, pla ihuza no gushimangira ibikoresho byibidukikije muburyo butandukanye. Ibicuruzwa bya Acide Irahira ukwezi muri kamere kandi ni ibikoresho bya Green Polymer.
3.cellse
Selile, bikomoka ku rukuta rw'ibimera, ni ibintu bitandukanye cyane byo kwitondera inganda zapakira. Nkibikoresho bishobora kongerwa kandi byinshi, selile itanga ubundi buryo burambye bwibikoresho bipakira. Yaba akomoka ku mwobo, ipamba, cyangwa ibisigazwa byubuhinzi, ibipakira bishingiye kuri selile bitanga inyungu nyinshi. Ibipakira bishingiye ku bipaki byose biranga, bitandukanya bisanzwe mugihe runaka. Ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe birashobora kandi gukorwa kugirango ube afumbire, bikagira uruhare mu kugabanya imyanda y'ibidukikije.compleated y'ibikoresho gakondo bipakira, amahitamo ya selile ashingiye kuri selile akenshi ufite ikirenge cyo hepfo.
4.PPC
PolyproPylene karubone (PPC) ni polyplastike yo mu miterere ihuza imiterere ya polypropylene hamwe na polycarbonate. Nibikoresho bishingiye kuri bio na biodegrafiya, bitanga ubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije plastiki gakondo. PPC ikomoka kuri dioxyde de carbone na proplene okiside, bigatuma habaho amahitamo ashobora kongerwa kandi arambye.PPC igenewe kuba biodegradedable mubihe bimwe na bimwe, kubikemerera gusenyuka mugihe runaka, bigira uruhare mu kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije.
5.phb
PolyhydroxybutyBiraytet (PHB) ni polyester ya biodegrafiya na bio ishingiye kumuryango wa PolyhydAlsalkalsalkalsation (PHAS). PHB yahujwe na mikorobe zitandukanye nkibikoresho byo kubika ingufu. Ntabwo bizwi kubijyanye na biodedadable kugirango bikore, hashobora kubaho ahantu hashobora kubaho, na kamere ya thermoplasti, bikabigira umukandida wizewe mugushakisha ubundi buryo burambye bwa plastique. PHB irasobanutse neza, bivuze ko ishobora gusenywa na mikorobe mubidukikije bitandukanye, bitanga umusanzu kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije ugereranije na plastiki zisanzwe.
6.Starch
Mubice byinshi byapakiye, udusimba bigira uruhare runini nkibikoresho birambye kandi bizima, bitanga ubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije plastiki isanzwe. Bikomoka ku masoko y'ibimera, gupakira ibipasi bishingiye ku gipanga hamwe n'imbaraga z'isi kugira ngo bagabanye ingaruka z'ibidukikije ibikoresho byo gupakira.
7.pbat
PBAT niyo polymed polymed ibomoka mumuryango wa Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolesters. Ibikoresho bitandukanye byagenewe gukemura ibibazo byibidukikije bifitanye isano na plastiki gakondo, gutanga ubundi buryo burambye. PBAT irashobora gukomoka kubutunzi bushoboka, nkamagambo ashingiye ku gihingwa. Iyi mikino ishobora kongerwa hamwe nintego yo kugabanya kwishingikiriza kumutungo wanyuma. Kandi igenewe biodegrade mubihe byihariye ibidukikije. Microorganism yasenyutse polymer muri obsproducts, atanga umusanzu mugugabanuka mumyanda ya plastike.
Intangiriro yibikoresho bya biodegrapp bizirikana ihinduka ryingenzi kubikorwa birambye munganda zitandukanye. Ibi bikoresho, bikomoka kumasoko yongerwa, bifite ubushobozi busanzwe bwo kubora, kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. Ingero zigaragara zirimo Polyhydrolkalsalsalsals (Pha), aside ya Polylactic (PPC), na Polyplecylene karubone (PPC), buri wese atanga imitungo idasanzwe nka biodegrafiya, hashobora kubaho ahantu hashobora kubaho, no muburyo bushoboka. Guhobera ibikoresho bya biodegradupadina bihuza hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gusunika ibidukikije Ibidukikije bya plastiki, bikabaza impungenge zijyanye n'umwanda no guhungabanya umutungo. Ibi bikoresho Shakisha porogaramu mu gupakira, imyambarire, n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, bigira uruhare mu bukungu buzenguruka aho ibicuruzwa byateguwe hamwe n'ibitekerezo byabo byangiza. Nubwo hari ibibazo nkikigereranyo cyo kugura ibiciro no gutanga umusaruro mubi, amakimbirane yikoranabuhanga hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rigamije kongera imbaraga z'ibikoresho bya Biodegrafedio, bitera ibidukikije.
Igihe cyohereza: Ukuboza-07-2023