Ikintu cyose cyahoze kibaho gishobora gufumbirwa. Ibi birimo imyanda y'ibiribwa, ibinyabuzima, nibikoresho biva mububiko, gutegura, guteka, gutunganya, kugurisha, cyangwa gutanga ibiryo. Mugihe ubucuruzi n’abaguzi benshi bibanda ku buryo burambye, ifumbire igira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyanda no gufata karubone. Iyo ifumbire mvaruganda ireba, ni ngombwa kumva itandukaniro riri hagati yo gufumbira murugo hamwe n’ifumbire mvaruganda.
Ifumbire mvaruganda
Ifumbire mvaruganda ninzira icungwa neza isobanura ibidukikije nigihe bimara (muruganda rukora ifumbire mvaruganda, mugihe kitarenze iminsi 180, igipimo kimwe nibikoresho bisanzwe - nkibibabi no gukata ibyatsi). Ibicuruzwa byemewe byifumbire mvaruganda byakozwe kugirango bidahungabanya ifumbire mvaruganda. Mugihe mikorobe isenya ibi nibindi bikoresho kama, ubushyuhe, amazi, dioxyde de carbone, na biomass birekurwa kandi nta plastiki isigaye inyuma.
Ifumbire mvaruganda ninzira icungwa neza aho ibintu byingenzi bikurikiranwa kugirango ibinyabuzima bigabanuke neza kandi byuzuye. Abahimbyi bakurikirana ibipimo bya pH, karubone na azote, ubushyuhe, urugero rw’ubushuhe, nibindi byinshi kugirango barusheho gukora neza no kugira ireme no kwemeza kubahiriza amabwiriza. Ifumbire mvaruganda ituma ibinyabuzima byangirika kandi ni bwo buryo burambye bwo guta imyanda kama nkibisigazwa by’ibiribwa hamwe n’imbuga imyanda. Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi ziterwa n’ifumbire mvaruganda ni uko ifasha mu kuyobya imyanda kama, nko gutunganya imbuga n’ibiribwa byasigaye, kure y’imyanda. Ibi nibyingenzi kuko imyanda yicyatsi itavuwe izabora kandi itange gaze metani. Methane ni gaze yangiza parike igira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere.
Ifumbire mvaruganda
Ifumbire mvaruganda ninzira yibinyabuzima mugihe bisanzwe bibaho mikorobe, bagiteri nudukoko bimena ibikoresho kama nkibibabi, gukata ibyatsi hamwe nibice bimwe byigikoni mubicuruzwa bisa nubutaka bita ifumbire. Nuburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu, inzira karemano yo gusubiza intungamubiri zikenewe mubutaka. Mu gufumbira ibisigazwa by'igikoni and yard trimings murugo, urashobora kubungabunga umwanya wimyanda isanzwe ikoreshwa mugujugunya ibyo bikoresho kandi bigafasha kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere kiva mumashanyarazi atwika imyanda. Mubyukuri, niba ifumbire mvaruganda ikomeza, ingano yimyanda ubyara irashobora kugabanuka kugera kuri 25%! Ifumbire ifatika, iroroshye kandi irashobora koroha kandi ihenze kuruta gupakira iyi myanda no kuyijyana kumyanda cyangwa kuri sitasiyo.
Ukoresheje ifumbire usubiza ibintu kama nintungamubiri mubutaka muburyo bworoshye gukoreshwa kubimera. Ibintu kama bitezimbere imikurire yibihingwa bifasha kumena ubutaka bwibumba buremereye muburyo bwiza, mukongeramo amazi nubushobozi bwo gufata intungamubiri kubutaka bwumucanga, no kongeramo intungamubiri zingenzi mubutaka ubwo aribwo bwose. Gutezimbere ubutaka bwawe nintambwe yambere iganisha ku kuzamura ubuzima bwibiti byawe. Ibimera bizima bifasha kweza umwuka no kubungabunga ubutaka bwacu. Niba ufite ubusitani, ibyatsi, ibihuru, cyangwa udusanduku twatewe, ufite gukoresha ifumbire.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yifumbire mvaruganda hamwe nifumbire mvaruganda
Ubwoko bwombi bwifumbire mvaruganda butanga intungamubiri zikungahaye ku ntungamubiri zirangiye. Ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora gukomeza ubushyuhe nuburinganire bwifumbire mvaruganda.
Kurwego rworoshye, ifumbire mvaruganda itanga ubutaka bukungahaye ku ntungamubiri bitewe no kumenagura imyanda kama nkibisigazwa byibiribwa, gukata ibyatsi, amababi, n imifuka yicyayi. Ibi bibaho mugihe cyamezi bisanzwe mubisanzwe inyuma yifumbire mvaruganda, cyangwa inzu yo gufumbira urugo. Ariko, imiterere nubushyuhe bwo gufumbira murugo birababaje ntabwo bizasenya ibicuruzwa bioplastique bya PLA.
Aho niho duhindukirira ifumbire mvaruganda - intambwe nyinshi, ikurikiranirwa hafi uburyo bwo gufumbira hamwe ninjiza zapimwe zamazi, umwuka, hamwe na karubone nibikoresho bikungahaye kuri azote. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwifumbire mvaruganda - byose bihindura buri ntambwe yuburyo bwo kubora, mugucunga imiterere nkibikoresho byo gutemagura kubunini bumwe cyangwa kugenzura ubushyuhe nurwego rwa ogisijeni. Izi ngamba zemeza ko ibinyabuzima byangirika byihuse ku binyabuzima kugeza ku ifumbire mvaruganda.
Dore ibisubizo byikizamini ugereranya ifumbire mvaruganda nifumbire mvaruganda
| Ifumbire mvaruganda | Ifumbire mvaruganda | |
| Igihe | Amezi 3-4 (maremare: iminsi 180) | Amezi 3-13 (maremare: amezi 12) |
| Bisanzwe | ISO 14855 | |
| Ubushyuhe | 58 ± 2 ℃ | 25 ± 5 ℃ |
| Ibipimo | Igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro rwose ＞ 90% ；Igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro ugereranije ＞ 90% | |
Nyamara, ifumbire mvaruganda murugo nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kugabanya imyanda no gusubiza karubone mubutaka. Nyamara, ifumbire mvaruganda ibura guhuza no kugenzura ibikoresho byo gufumbira inganda. Gupakira bioplastique (niyo bihujwe n’imyanda y'ibiribwa) bisaba ubushyuhe burenze ubwo bushobora kugerwaho cyangwa gukomeza mu ifumbire mvaruganda. Kubiribwa binini cyane, bioplastique, hamwe no gutandukanya ibinyabuzima ,, ifumbire mvaruganda niyo iherezo rirambye kandi ryiza ryibidukikije.
Feel free to discuss with William: williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-22-2023